1. The approximate number of species of reptiles describe so far is
(a) 26,500
(b) 18,200
(c) 6,300
(d) 4,100
Ans. (c)
2. The ‘Biological clock’ in higher vertebrates is regulated by
(a) The pituitary gland
(b) Cerebral cortex
(c) Supra-chiasmatic nucleus in hypothalamus
(d) Thymus
Ans. (c)
3. Which one of the following statements about circadian rhythm is correct?
(a) Circadian rhythm, dependent on endogenous clock, is restricted to birds and mammals
(b) An animal’s circadian rhythm has a period of exact 24 hours
(c) The period of circadian rhythm is not exactly 24 hours
(d) Circadian rhythm is necessary because earth is tilted on its axis
Ans. (a)
4. Consider the following statements
(1) The energy flow in an ecosystem results in entropy.
(2) In prairie ecosystems, 90 per cent of the secondary productivity occurs in the soil.
(3) The detritus chain is of greater importance in energy flow in many ecosystem than, are her bivorous/canivorous/omnivorous grazing chains.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) l and 3
Ans. (c)
5. Changes in the body form of some planktonic animals with seasonal change in temperature are grouped under
(a) anamorphous
(b) cyclomorphosis
(c) metamorphosis
(d) heteromorphosis
Ans. (b)
6. The lowest temperature at which organisms can live indefinitely is known as
(a) minimum survival temperature
(b) minimum effective temperature
(c) minimum critical temperature
(d) incipient lethal low temperature
Ans. (c)
7. Which one of the following ecological pyramids can never be inverted?
(a) Pyramid of number
(b) Pyramid of size
(c) Pyramid of biomass
(d) Pyramid of energy
Ans. (d)
8. Which one of the following statements is not correct pertaining to changes in the abiotic environment?
(a) Annual changes in temperature in aquatic environments are more marked in temperate fresh water climates then in other climates
(b) Temperature is the major factor in the creation of ocean currents and air currents
(c) At global level, human activities contribute nine times more particulate matter or aerosols into the air than do natural processes
(d) In the troposphere, photo oxidation of hydrocarbons in the presence of nitrogen oxides produces ozone
Ans. (d)
9. Which one of the following is a correct set of endangered species of India?
(a) Great Indian bustard, Musk deer, Asiatic lion, Royal Bengal tiger
(b) Kashmir stag, Cheetal, Blue bull, Great Indian bustard
(c) Snow leopard, Swamp deer, Free ranging rhesus monkey, Hanuman Langur
(d) Lion-tailed macaque, Blue bull, Hanuman Langur, Cheetal
Ans. (a)
10. Generally the largest animals are found in aquatic habitat because
(a) there is more food available
(b) gravity effects are minimized by buoyancy
(c) temperature fluctuation is less drastic
(d) it is easier to maintain homeostasis
Ans. No option is correct.
11. With regard to environmental pollution, consider the following statements:
(a) Organic phosphates are degradable chemical insecticides
(b) Chlorinated hydrocarbons depress photosynthesis of marine phytoplankton but have no adverse effect on aquatic animals
(c) The atmospheric pollutant ozone causes respiratory distress in man but has no adverse effects on plants
(d) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) in air adsorbs on particulate pollutants
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) l and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
12. Which group of organisms serves as the best indicators of pollution in a stream?
(a) Plankton
(b) Neuston
(c) Benthos
(d) Nekton
Ans. (a)
13. In which ecosystem is the detritus pathway most important in energy movement through trophic levels?
(a) Rain forest
(b) Lakes
(c) Grassland
(d) Oceans
Ans. (d)
14. Removal of the keystone predator from a community will result in
(a) dominance of an alternate predator
(b) general decline in species diversity
(c) increases in prey population densities
(d) decrease in primary productivity
Ans. (b)
15. One of the major adaptive features of the desert animals is
(a) production of metabolic water
(b) conservation of metabolic water
(c) reduced metabolic activity
(d) reduced excretion
Ans. (b)
16. In India, the lion-tailed macaque is found only in
(a) Bandipur Biosphere Reserve
(b) Eastern Ghats
(c) Guindy National Park
(d) Western Ghats
Ans. (b) Explanation
17. The acceptable concept of ecological niche is that is represent the
(a) trophic status of a species in a community
(b) unique microhabitat of a species
(c) sum of total species use of biotic and abiotic sources of the environment
(d) unique combination of the trophic status and the microhabitat of a species
Ans. (d)
18. Consider the following statements in the context of ecosystem
(a) radiant energy reaching the surface of earth on a clear day is about 2% ultraviolet, 74% visible light and the rest in infrared
(b) visible radiation is least attenuated during its passage through dense cloud cover and water
(c) thermal radiation is absorbed by biomass to a greater degree than is solar radiation
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
19. The community in which the photosynthesis/respiration (P/R) ratio is generally more than 1 is
(a) fertile rice field
(b) polluted stream
(c) coral reefs
(d) swamps
Ans. (d)
20. Consider the following statements
1. The ecological pyramid of number is always upright.
2. The ecological pyramid of biomass can be upright or inverted.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (b)
21. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?
(a) Oceans, Lakes, Grass1ands, Mangroves
(b) Mangroves, Oceans, Grasslands, Lakes
(c) Mangroves, Grasslands, Lakes, Oceans
(d) Oceans, Mangroves, Lakes, Grasslands
Ans. (c)
22. Consider the following types of animals
1. Crustaceans
2. Chaetognaths
Which of the above is/are of marine Zooplankton?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (b)
23. In the logistic model of population growth, unlike in the exponential growth model
(a) there is a limit to the maximum densities attained
(b) growth rates decrease with increasing population
(c) death rates are lower than birth rates
(d) growth rate is unaffected by population size
Ans. (b)
24. Which wild life reserve in India is popularly known as Floating National Park?
(a) Keibul Lamjo National Park
(b) Keoladeo Ghana National Park
(c) Chilka Lake Sanctuary
(d) Nal Sarovar Sanctuary
Ans. (c)
25. The term ‘biotic potential’ as coined by Chapman means the
(a) inherent property of an organism to reproduce to survive
(b) capacity of an individual organism to tolerate the stress
(c) adaptive potential of an individual organism in a changing climate
(d) potentiality of an organism to increases its biomass when kept under the favorable conditions
Ans. (a)
26. Consider the following:
1. Choriotis nigriceps
2. Gavialis gangeticus
Which of the above animals is/are ‘threatened species’?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
27. Which among the following although not closely related taxonomically, occupy the overlapping niche when present in the grassland ecosystems?
(a) Cow, tiger and elephant
(b) Antelopes, lion and zebra
(c) Kangaroo, bison and cow
(d) Kangaroo rat and monkey
Ans. (c)
28. Match list-I (Zone) with list-II (feature) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
List-I List-II
(Zone) (Feature)
A. Neretic zone 1. Total darkness
B. Littoral zone 2. depth of 500-600 ft.
C. Abyssal zone 3. Region between the high and low tides
D. Bathyal zone 4. Depths 01600-5000 ft.
Codes:
A B C D
(a) 4 1 3 2
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 4 3 1 2
(d) 2 3 1 4
Ans. (c)
29. Consider the following statements:
1. Under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, only Central Government is empowered to declare any area in India as a Sanctuary or a National Park.
2. Protection of wild animals is included in the concurrent list in the constitution of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
30. Photochemical smog is a resultant of the reaction between
(a) NO2, O3 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(b) CO, O2 and peroxyacetyl nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(c) CO, CO2 and NO2 at low temperature
(d) High concentration of NO2, O3 and CO in the evening
Ans. (a)
31. Which of the following soak most of the atmospheric CO2?
(a) Cultivated lands
(b) Bacteria
(c) Forests
(d) Oceans
Ans. (d)
32. Consider the following regions
1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2. Western Ghats
3. Uttar Pradesh
4. North Eastern India
5. West Bengal
In which of the above regions are tropical rain forests found?
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
(b) 2, 3 and 5
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Ans. (a)
33. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Wildlife Sanctuary State
(a) Eturnagarma Tamil Nadu
(b) Bhagavan Mahavir Goa
(c) Nandini Jammu and Kashmir
(d) Narayan Sarovar Gujarat
Ans. (a)
34. Consider the following statements
1. The Sambar is the largest of all Indian deer.
2. The biggest bovid of India is the gaur.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
35. Consider the following statements:
1. The Grizzled Giant Squirrel (Ratufa macroura) is found in the forest hill ranges of West and North India.
2. At present, there are no flying squirrels in Indian wildlife.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (d)
36. The lakes with a reduced Profundal zone and a highly productive littoral and sub littoral zones are termed as
(a) Oligotrophic
(b) Dystrophic
(c) Eutrophic
(d) Mesotrophic
Airs. (c)
37. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of ecosystems in the order of decreasing productivity?
(a) Oceans, lakes, grasslands, mangroves
(b) Mangroves, oceans, grasslands, lakes
(c) Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans
(d) Oceans, mangroves, lakes, grasslands
Ans. (c)
38. The major component of ‘biological clock’ in higher vertebrates is
(a) pituitary gland
(b) cerebral cortex
(c) hypothalamus
(d) medulla oblongata
Ans. (a)
39. Consider the following Indian Fauna
1. Elephas maximus
2. Equus hemionus khur
3. Panthera uncia
Which of the above is/are endangered?
(a) l and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
40. Amensalism is a type of population interaction in which
(a) both the population are inhibited
(b) one population is benefited and the other inhibited
(c) one population is inhibited and the other unaffected
(d) both the populations are benefited
Ans. (c)
41. Consider the following statements:
1. India is one of the twelve mega-biodiversity countries of the world.
2. The Gulf of Mannar has been recognized on the World Network of Biosphere reserves by UNESCO.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
42. ‘Competitive exclusion’ refers to
(a) struggle between two species
(b) vanishing of one species from a habitat
(c) vanishing of all the species from a habitat
(d) one species managing resources in one way and the other in another way
Ans. (d)
43. Golden langur (presbytis geei) is naturally found in which one of the Wildlife Sanctuaries / National Parks?
(a) Periyar
(b) Sariska
(c) Manas
(d) Sesar Gir
Ans. (c)
44. Who of the following has given the Y-shaped two-channel energy flow model consisting of grazing and detritus food chains?
(a) Clements
(b) Hardin
(c) Odum
(d) Tansley
Ans. (c)
45. Similar environment in different continents produce similar type of ecosystems. Species occupying similar ecological niche in such disjunct ecosystems are known as
(a) ecological guilds
(b) ecological equivalents
(c) ecotypes
(d) ecological indicators
Ans. (b)
46. The grazing pathway of energy flow is relatively more important than the detritus pathway in
(a) grassland ecosystem
(b) tropical forest ecosystem
(c) pond ecosystem
(d) marine ecosystem
Ans. (a)
47. A taxon facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future is regarded as
(a) critically endangered
(b) endangered
(c) vulnerable
(d) near threatened
Ans. (a)
48. Consider the following characteristics
1. Loss of hair on the skin
2. Loss of sweat glands
3. Presence of thick blubber
4. Presence of swim bladder
In Cetacea, due to aquatic mode of life, which of the above are the adaptations that have taken place?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4only
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Ans. (a)
49. The area over which an individual animal roams during the course of its usual daily wandering and in which it spends most of its time is called
(a) nesting territory
(b) home range
(c) mating territory
(d) feeding range
Ans. (a)
50. Which of the following are the unicellular dinoflagellates that live symbiotically with certain corals?
(a) Zooxanthellae
(b) Zoomastigophora
(c) Plasmodiphora
(d) Vampyrella
Ans. (a)
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