1. According to Irving Goffman, ‘Asylum’ is an example of which one of the following?
(a) A social system
(b) A hospital
(c) A total institution
(d) A traditional family
Ans. (c)
2. How would you describe the situation where a group of people rejects the prevailing values and norms of society and begins to live differently?
(a) Revolution
(b) Deviant group
(c) Counter-culture
(d) Acculturation
Ans. (c)
3. Printing was first developed in China in the 6th century and slowly spread to rest of the world. This is an example of
(a) Cultural Diffusion
(b) Technological Revolution
(c) Cultural Hegemony
(d) Globalization
Ans. (a)
4. Match list- I with list-II and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. An area of social living marked by some degree of coherence 1. Institution
B.A large group to which an individual belongs 2. Community
C. A functional configuration of culture pattern 3. Association
D. A group of people organized for one or more purposes 4. Organization
5. Society
Code:
A B C D
(a) 2 5 1 3
(b) 3 1 4 2
(c) 3 5 1 2
(d) 2 1 4 3
Ans. (a)
5. Match list-I with list-Il and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. The real and ideal culture 1. F. Tonnies
B. Social-progress is not linear but divergent 2. Auguste Comte
C. Essential will and arbitrary will 3. Ralph Linton
D. Law of three stages 4. H. Spencer
5. C.H. Cooley
Code:
A B C D
(a) 5 4 3 2
(b) 3 5 1 4
(c) 5 1 2 3
(d) 3 4 1 2
Ans. (d)
6. The concept of cultural lag explains that
(a) changes in material culture are very slow.
(b) changes in non-material culture are faster than changes in material culture.
(c) material culture changes faster than non-material culture.
(d) material and non-material cultures, more or less change at the same place.
Ans. (c)
7. The term ‘cultural relativism’ is often contrasted with
(a) cultural pluralism
(b) ethnocentrism
(c) cultural absolutism
(d) cultural vacuum
Ans. (b)
8. Match list- I with list-Il and select the correct answer by using the code given below the list:
List-I List-II
(Author) (Concept)
A. Miller 1. In-group and out-group
B. F. Tonnies 2. Communities and association
C. Sumner 3. Primary and secondary group
D. C.H. Cooley 4. Horizontal and vertical group
Code:
A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3
(b) 4 2 1 3
(c) 4 1 3 2
(d) 2 1 3 4
Ans. (b)
9. Max Weber believed that sociology should focus .on social action and not on structures because
(a) human individuals were capable of making choices and introducing changes
(b) human beings were action-oriented
(c) he wanted to refute Marxist theory of class
(d) human society is always conflict-ridden
Ans. (b)
10. According to Robert Merton, people who reject both the existing values and the means of achieving them by attempting to reconstruct a new social system are called
(a) Conformists
(b) Innovators
(c) Ritualists
(d) Rebels
Ans. (d)
11. Consider the following statements associated with norms and values.
1. Norms are enforced by positive and negative sanctions.
2. Norms define acceptable behaviour in specific situations.
3. Norms are not formalized by translation into laws.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) l and 2
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
12. According to Robert Merton “When there is an acute disjunction between the cultural norms and goals, and the structured capacities of members of the group to act in accord with them”, it leads to a situation of
(a) anomie
(b) cultural degeneration
(c) social mobility
(d) structural transformation
Ans. (a)
13. Theoretically speaking, the concept of ‘social systems’ in
sociology is used by those who work with
(a) critical perspective
(b) functionalist perspective
(c) marxist perspective
(d) phenomenological perspective
Ans. (b)
14. Match list-I with list-Il and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-II
A. Detachment of the performer from the role, 1. Role set
he or she is performing
B. Individuals play more roles with 2. Role model
incompatible demands
C. Roles do not exist in isolation each role has associated 3. Role conflict
or complementary roles
D. Behaviour in a role provides a pattern 4. Role insulation
upon which another individual bases his behaviour
5. Role distance
Code:
A B C D
(a) 2 1 4 5
(b) 5 3 1 2
(c) 2 3 1 5
(d) 5 1 4 2
Ans. (b)
15. Match list- I with list-II and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists
List-I List-II
(Work) (Scholar)
A. The rules of sociological method 1. Max Weber.
B. The methodology of the social changes 2. White Leslie
C. The evolution of culture 3. Julian H. Steward
D. The theory of cultural change: 4. Emile Durkheim
methodology of multilinear evolution
Code:
A B C D
(a) 3 1 2 4
(b) 4 2 1 3
(c) 3 2 1 4
(d) 4 1 2 3
Ans. (d)
16. What are the customary, normal, habitual ways of doing things by a group, known as?
(a) Mores
(b) Folkways
(c) Habits
(d) Cultural alternatives
Ans. (b)
17. Who, among the following, made a distinction between ‘retributive laws’ and ‘restitutive laws’?
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Michel Foucault
(c) Kingsley Davis
(d) Emile Durkheim
Ans. (d)
18. Children learn the ways of adults, perpetuating the values, norms and social practices of their culture. What is this process called?
(a) Evolution
(b) Natural selection
(c) Social interaction
(d) Socialization
Ans. (d)
19 The melting pot theory is based on which concept?
(a) Assimilation
(c) Segregation
(b) Accommodation
(d) integration
Ans. (b)
20. Match list-I with list-Il and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-I
A. The process of seeking to 1. Co-operation
monopolize a reward by surpassing all rivals
B. A joint activity in pursuit of common goals or shared rewards 2. Assimilation
C. The process of monopolizing rewards by eliminating or 3. Accommodation
weakening the competitors
D. A process of developing working between conflicting 4. Conflict agreement
individuals or groups
5. Competition
Code:
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 5
(b) 5 1 4 3
(c) 1 4 2 3
(d) 5 2 1 4
Ans. (b)
21. Who, among the following, emphasized that conflict plays a positive role in preserving society?
(a) Max Weber
(b) Lewis Coser
(c) Karl Man
(d) Anthony Giddens
Ans. (b)
22.The concept of ‘relative deprivation’ has been widely used in policy discourse on which one of the following?
(a) Social and cultural tights of minorities
(b) Social conflict and harmony
(c) Multi-culturalism
(d) Poverty and inequality
Ans. (d)
23. The Hindu construction of the notion of marriage, as a sacrament, does not include in it the notion of equality within marriage based on ethics of justice. This is evident by the experiments of many social reformer to change the form and practice of marriage itself.
Match list- I with list-II and select the correct answer by using the code given below the lists:
List-I List-II
(Social Reformer) (Experiment)
A. Jotirao Phule 1. Riddles of Hinduism
B. Tarabai Shinde 2. Self-respect Marriages
C. E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker 3. A school for untouchable girls and a home
for upper caste widows
D. B.R. Ambedkar 4. Stri-Purush Thulna
Code
A B C D
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 2 4 3 1
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 2 1 3 4
Ans. (c)
24. Consider the following forms of institutional relations
1. Social action
2. Social institutions
3. Community
4. Social relations
Max Weber brought together which of the above forms for developing a theory of urban community?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
25. Who authored Folkways which includes sex mores, the marriage institution and incest?
(a)F. Engles
(b) William G. Sumner
(c) George Murdock
(d) B. Cardmon Hardy
Ans. (b)
26. Which one of the following was used by Durkheim to explain his theory of functionalism?
(a) Structural principles
(b) Organic analogy
(c) Psychological facts
(d) Evolutionary universals
Ans. (b)
27. Assertion (A) Ascribed and achieved statuses are basically different yet they interact and may overlap each other.
Reason (R) At many points, the boundaries between ascribed and achieved statuses are indistinct, yet the concepts are useful.
Code
(a)Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
28. Assertion (A) The differences among groups are resolved permanently in accommodation.
Reason (R) Accommodation is mainly an unconscious activity
Code
(a) Both A and Rare individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
29. The prevalence of arranged marriages in India is related to
(a) the rules of endogamy that confine marriage alliance within specified groups
(b) the rules of exogamy that disallow marriage within one’s clan/village/neighborhood
(c) regulations about prescriptive (allowing) and proscriptive (prohibiting) nature of rules, guiding marriage among parallel and cross-cousins
(d) All of the above
Ans. (d)
30. Which of the following tribes practice polygyny?
1. Masai
2. Yoruba
3. Bantu
Select the correct answer by using the code given below
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
31. Which of the following is the basis of the system of marriage followed by most parts of north India?
(a) Village endogamy and gotra exogamy
(b) Village exogamy and gotra exogamy
(c) Village exogamy and preferential kin marriage
(d) None of the above
Axis. (b)
32. Marriage with mother’s brother’s daughter is a form of which one of the following?
(a) Restricted exchange
(b) Direct exchange
(c) Discontinuous exchange
(d) Generalized exchange
Ans (a)
33. Which one of the following pairs of forms of marriage refers to polygamy?
(a) Monogamy and polygyny
(b) Polygyny and polyandry
(c) Polyandry and monogamy
(d) Monogamy and bigamy
Ans. (b)
34. In the literature on kinship, the practice of fraternal polyandry has been associated particularly with which region of India?
(a) Western Himalayas
(b) Central plains region
(c) North-Eastern hill region
(d) Gangetic plains region
Ans. (c)
35. Which one of the following statement is not correct?
(a) Marriage is a sacrament. This means that a marriage cannot be dissolved
(b) Marriage is a contract. This means that a marriage can be terminated
(c) The notion -that ‘marriage is indissoluble’ has gradually been eroded and through legislation, the right of divorce has been introduced in all legal systems in India
(d) Only among the Muslims, marriage is a contract and divorce is allowed
Ans. (d)
36. The social group, in which a person is born, is referred to as which one of the following?
(a) The family of socialization
(b) The family of procreation
(c) The family of recreation
(d) The family of orientation
Ans. (d)
37. The difference between the kotamb and the matamal among Kashmiri Pandits refers to the difference between
(a) Agnates and non-agnatic cognates
(b) Biological and jural relationships
(c) Primary and secondary kin
(d) Mother’s sister’s family and mother’s brother’s family
Ans. (a)
38. Which one of the following is the family unit of Kodavas?
(a) Ghar
(b) Biradari
(c) Chulah
(d) Okka
Ans. (c)
39. The use of the term ‘Bapu’ to describe Mahatma Gandhi is an example of which one of the following?
(a) North Indian kinship terminology
(b) Fictive kinship
(c) Putative kinship
(d) Collateral kinship
Ans. (a)
40. According to the kinship theory, which one of the following is an example of ‘complimentary filiations’?
(a) The relation between mother’s brother and sister’s son in a patrilineal descent system
(b) The relation between grandparents and grandchildren in a system of unilineal descent
(c) The relation between mother and daughter in a system of matrilineal descent -
(d) The use of matrilineal descent for some purposes and patrilineal for others
Ans. (d)
41. Kinship has a complex form of classification based on which of the following?
1. Systems of descent
2. Relations of consanguinity
3. Affinal relations
Select the correct answer by using the code given below
(a) l and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
42. Why has the functionalist approach to the study of the institution of family been criticized by many sociologists?
1. Functionalist perspective assumes the middle class families to be the ideal nw4ear families.
2. Functionalist approach does not consider class, regional and religious variations in studying the institution of family.
3. Functionalist view does not explore alternatives to the family.
Select the correct answer by using the code given below
(a) l and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and3
(d) 1, 2 and3
Ans. (b)
43. Who among the following eminent sociologists on the basis of study of a particular society predicted that in the post-world. War II period, there will be an isolation, differentiation and specialization of the nuclear family as a bounded sub-system of the society?
(a) G.P. Murdock
(b) Talcott Parsons
(c) W.J. Goode
(d) R.D. Laing
Ans. (b)
44. Which, among the following factors, have interacted with the family and gave impetus to the second wave of feminists in 1960s to view the family with skepticism?
1. Legislation impacting gender, personal law and international migration.
2. Increased female labour force participation.
3. Advances in science, information and communication technologies.
4. New reproductive technologies.
Select the correct answer by using the code given below
(a) 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
45. Which one of the following statements is correct? Rules of residence after marriage form an important variable in a kinship system and thereby substantially affect
(a) the human behaviour by which goods are produced, distributed and consumed
(b) the quality of personal relations within the kin network
(c) the process of inducting kinship in the political culture
(d) the human capacity for symbolic communication or language
Ans. (b)
46. The Nayar taravad system was based on which one of the following?
(a) Necolocal residence patterns
(b) Virilocal residence patterns
(c) Natolocal residence patterns AV
(d) Uxorilocal residence patterns
Ans. (c)
47. Logical relations exist between residence rules and descent• group structure. Patrilineal descent systems correlate with either neolocal or patrivirilocal residence patterns. Which of the following patterns of residence do the matrilineal descent systems correlate with ?
(a) Neolocal, patrivirilocal and uxorilocal only
(b) Neolocal, avunculocal and uxorilocal only
(c) Neolocal, patrivirilocal and avunculocal only
(d) Neolocal, patrivirilocal, avunculocal and uxorilocal
Ans.(b)
48. Solving a major problem in conceptualizing the term of “descent”, who . among the following scholars distinguished ‘descent’ from ‘inheritance’ and confined the term ‘descent’ to ‘membership of a group only’?
(a) A.I. Richards
(b) W.H.R. Rivers
(c) M. Fortes
(d) J.A. Barnes
Ans. (b)
49. Consider the following statements
1. The Nuer are patrilineal and the Khasi are & matrilineal
2. The Beduoin are patrilineal and the Hopi are matrilineal
3. The Garo are matrilineal and the Toda are patrilineal
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) l and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
50.Double descent or duo lineal transmission of descent group membership involves which one of the following?
(a) Patrilineal transmission of one set of’ attributes and matrilineal transmission of another set
(b) Transmission equally through both parents
(c) Transmission in which descent lines are sex-specific i.e. men transmit to their sons and women to their daughters
(d) Transmission in which descent lines are such that men transmit to their daughters and women to their sons
Ans. (a)
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